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1.
Rev. esp. patol. torac ; 34(3): 143-152, Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210679

RESUMO

Título abreviado: Se exponen los recursos asistenciales del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía relacionados con el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes con apnea obstructiva del sueño. Igualmente se describen propuestas para una optimización en el manejo de esta entidad enfatizando la necesidad de recursos y colaboración entre diferentes niveles asistenciales. Objetivo: Determinar en el Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía (SSPA) los recursos actuales en la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) e identificar propuestas de mejora. Método: Estudio transversal, basado en encuestas realizadas en 49 hospitales del SSPA. Se registraron variables relacionadas al diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de la AOS, distinguiendo entre centros que realizaban polisomnografía y los que no. Incluimos un apartado sobre propuestas de mejora. Resultados: Un 97% de los centros realizan poligrafía y un 29% polisomnografía, y sólo el 39,5% disponen de consulta específica. La demora diagnóstica para la poligrafía es de 169 ± 163,4 días y para la polisomnografía de 173 ± 152,5 días. Se realizan un total de 1.113 ± 1.004,6 pruebas por 100.000 habitantes y año, de ellas 235 ± 166,2 son poligrafías diagnósticas. La presión eficaz se titula en un 49% con auto-CPAP y el control terapéutico lo realiza frecuentemente la empresa suministradora (77%). Entre las propuestas de mejora, destacan la falta de un protocolo de derivación y coordinación entre diferentes niveles asistenciales (90% de los encuestados), y la demora diagnóstica, atribuible en un 63% de los casos al déficit de recursos físicos y de personal. Conclusión: El número de pruebas diagnósticas aún son insuficientes y la demora diagnóstica es excesiva. Sobre todo, en el control terapéutico la empresa suministradora tiene un papel relevante. Se propone la realización de protocolos entre diferentes unidades asistenciales y aumentar los recursos actuales. (AU)


Short title: The healthcare resources of the Andalusian Public Health System related to the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with obstructive sleep apnea are presented. Proposals for optimizing the management of this entity are also described, emphasizing the need for resources and collaboration between different levels of care. Objective: Determine the current resources in the Public Health System of Andalusia (SSPA) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and identify proposals for improvement. Method: Cross-sectional study, based on surveys conducted in 49 SSPA hospitals. Variables related to the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of OSA were recorded, distinguishing between centers that performed polysomnography and those that did not. We include a section on proposals for improvement. Results: 97% of the centers perform polygraphy and 29% polysomnography, and only 39.5% have a specific consultation. The diagnostic delay for polygraphy is 169 ± 163.4 days and for polysomnography 173 ± 152.5 days. A total of 1,113 ± 1,004.6 tests are performed per 100,000 inhabitants per year, of which 235 ± 166.2 are diagnostic polygraphs. The effective pressure is titrated in 49% with auto-CPAP and therapeutic control is frequently carried out by the supplying company (77%). Among the proposals for improvement, the lack of a protocol for referral and coordination between different levels of care (90% of those surveyed), and the diagnostic delay, attributable in 63% of cases to the lack of physical and personnel resources, stand out. Conclusion: The number of diagnostic tests are still insufficient and the diagnostic delay is excessive. Above all, in therapeutic control, the supplier company has a relevant role. It is proposed to carry out protocols between different care units and increase current resources


Assuntos
Humanos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/tratamento farmacológico , Recursos em Saúde , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Epidemiologia Descritiva
2.
Rev Calid Asist ; 32(2): 82-88, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27793461

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The high resolution clinic (HRC) is an outpatient care process by which treatment and diagnosis are established, recorded, and completed in a single day. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which patients with medical conditions may benefit from a single consultation system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive study of 795 first visit events, randomly selected as high-resolution consultations in cardiology, gastroenterology, internal medicine, and chest diseases. A discussion is presented on the percentage of patients who benefited from HRC and the complementary tests performed. RESULTS: A total of 559 (70%, 95% CI: 67-73%) of all first visits became HRCs, and 483 (61%, 95% CI: 57%-64%) required a diagnostic test that was reviewed on the same day. There were differences between medical consultations (86% in cardiology versus 44% in gastroenterology consultations, P<.001). Performing a test on the same day significantly increased the percentage of HRCs (49 versus 22%, P<.001). Ischaemic heart disease, dyspepsia, headache, and asthma were the conditions most commonly leading to HRC. The most common tests were cranial tomography, blood analysis, and ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS: Medical consultations may largely benefit from an HRC system, only requiring some organisational changes and no additional costs.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/normas , Atenção à Saúde/normas , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial , Eficiência Organizacional , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
3.
Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(4): 156-158, jul.-ago. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61632

RESUMO

Gestante de 34 semanas presenta poliuria y polidipsia asociada en los días posteriores a preclampsia grave, lo cual obliga a practicar cesárea urgente a las 35 semanas por registro cardiotocográfico patológico y grave deterioro de los parámetros bioquímicos. Se extrae recién nacido vivo de 2.300g de peso. El postoperatorio cursa favorablemente con restitución íntegra clínica y analítica (AU)


A 34-week pregnant woman showed polyuria and polydipsia in the next few days after a severe pre-eclamsia with pathological cardiotocographic recordings and severe deterioration of biochemical parameters, requiring emergency caesarean section at 35 week. A 2,300 g living newborn was delivered. The postoperative course developed favourably, the symptoms had resoved and all laboratory data became normal (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Diabetes Insípido/diagnóstico , Síndrome HELLP/diagnóstico , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Resultado da Gravidez
5.
Neumosur (Sevilla) ; 18(2): 69-77, jun. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047783

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La rehabilitación respiratoria (RR) es unaterapia beneficiosa para los enfermos con enfermedad pulmonarobstructiva crónica (EPOC). Sin embargo, la aplicación de lamayoría de los programas diseñados exige un elevado consumo derecursos y pocos han demostrado su eficacia a largo plazo.OBJETIVO: Comparar en pacientes con Enfermedad PulmonarObstructiva Crónica (EPOC) la efectividad a largo plazo de unprograma de RR domiciliaria mínimamente supervisado en relacióna los cambios en la disnea y capacidad funcional.DISEÑO: Ensayo clínico prospectivo, aleatorizado, de 1 añode duración, con 2 grupos: rehabilitación y control. Se presentanlos resultados de los pacientes que han completado un periodo deinclusión de 6 meses. Se midieron pre-entrenamiento y post-entrenamientodos variables: la disnea mediante el índice de disneabasal de Mahler (IDBM) e índice transicional de disnea (ITD), y lacapacidad de ejercicio mediante la prueba de 6 minutos marcha(P6MM).PACIENTES: Individuos con EPOC moderada y grave queacuden a una consulta de Neumología y que cumplen unos criteriosestablecidos de inclusión en un programa de RR.INTERVENCIÓN: Al grupo de RR se le instruyó en un programade ejercicio domiciliario con entrenamiento de extremidadessuperiores e inferiores.RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 19 sujetos (edad 65 ± 6 años yporcentaje de FEV1 medio de 39%), que se asignaron aleatoriamentea cada grupo de estudio: Grupo RR (n = 11) y grupo control(n = 8). El IDBM fue de 4,6 en el grupo RR y 4,75 en el grupo control.A los 6 meses el ITD fue 3,5 en el grupo RR y 0,63 en el control,con diferencias en todas las subescalas. La distancia recorridaen el 6MWT se incrementó en ambos grupos, aunque con una diferenciade 46 metros a favor del grupo de RR.CONCLUSIONES: Un programa de RR domiciliario y mínimamentesupervisado consigue una mejoría significativa en la disneay en la capacidad de esfuerzo en los pacientes con EPOC


Introduction: Respiratory rehabilitation (RR) is a beneficialtherapy for those patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). However, the application of the majority of the programmesdesigned demands a high consumption of resources andfew have demonstrated their efficacy in the long term.Objective: To compare the long-term effectiveness of a programof minimally supervised home RR in relation to the changesin dyspnoea and functional capacity in patients with ChronicObstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).Method: Prospective randomized clinical trial of 1 year duration,with 2 groups: rehabilitation and control. The results of thepatients who have completed an inclusion period of 6 months areshown. Two pre-training and post-training variables were measured:dyspnoea by means of Mahler’s basal dyspnoea index(MBDI) and transitional dyspnoea index (TDI), and the exercisecapacity by means of the 6 minutes walk test (6MWT).Patients: Individuals with moderate and serious COPD whocame to a pneumology consultation and who fulfilled the establishedcriteria of inclusion in a programme of RR.Intervention: The RR group was instructed in a home exerciseprogram with training of the upper and lower limbs.Results: Nineteen patients were evaluated (age 65 ± 6 yearsand average FEV1 of 39%), which were randomly assigned to eachstudy group: RR group (n = 11) and control group (n = 8). TheMBDI was 4.6 in the RR group and 4.75 in the control group. At 6months the TDI was 3.5 in the RR group and 0.63 in the controlgroup, with differences in all the subscales. The distance covered inthe 6MWT increased in both groups, although with a difference of46 metres in favour of the of RR group.Conclusions: A program of minimally supervised home RRobtains a significant improvement in the dyspnoea and capacityfor effort in the patients with COPD


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/reabilitação , Dispneia/reabilitação , Terapia Respiratória/métodos , Tratamento Domiciliar/métodos , Terapia por Exercício/organização & administração
6.
Neumosur (Sevilla) ; 17(3): 184-189, sept.-dic. 2005. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043075

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTO: En el síndrome de apnea obstructiva delsueño (SAOS), la poligrafía es una alternativa diagnóstica, aunqueson infrecuentes los estudios realizados en el domicilio del paciente.El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la validez diagnóstica de lapoligrafía domiciliaria respecto a la polisomnografía convencional,en pacientes con moderada y alta sospecha clínica de SAOS, ademásde valorar el grado de satisfacción.PACIENTES Y METODOS: En una muestra seleccionada, serealizó un estudio aleatorio y ciego analizando el grado de satisfaccióndel paciente mediante una escala visual analógica y la utilidadde la poligrafía domiciliaria frente a la polisomnografía estándarcomparando el IAH (índice de apnea-hipopnea) obtenido enambas pruebas.RESULTADOS: Se estudian 33 enfermos (25 hombres y 8mujeres), edad media (± DE) de 53,4 ± 11 años y un índice de masacorporal de 33 ± 5 kg/m2.Para un IAH ≥ 10 obtenido en la polisomnografía, la poligrafíapresenta una sensibilidad del 90,3%, una especificidad del 50%,un valor predictivo positivo del 96,5% y un valor predictivo negativodel 25%, encontrándose un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,863.En un SAOS grave (IAH >30) la poligrafía obtiene una sensibilidaddel 88,2% (72,9-100) y una especificidad del 100% con un áreabajo la curva ROC de 1.El IAH obtenido en la poligrafía comparado con el de la polisomnografía(33,70 ±22,38 y 36,36 ±22,09, respectivamente) muestrauna alta correlación con un valor de r:0,975 (p<0,0001) y unaelevada concordancia con un coeficiente de correlación intraclasede 0,968. La puntuación de la polisomnografía fue de 7,5 y de 9para la poligrafía, al expresar el grado de satisfacción los pacientes(p<0,0001).CONCLUSIONES: En una muestra seleccionada, la poligrafíadomiciliaria muestra una alta correlación y concordancia con lapolisomnografía, siendo una prueba válida para el diagnóstico conun mayor grado de satisfacción para el paciente


BACKGROUND: Polygraphy is an alternative diagnoses techniquein the sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), although is infrequent toperform the studies at patients home. This study aims to comparethe diagnoses validity of home polygraphy with conventional polysomnographyin patients with moderate and high clinical suspicionof SAS, as well as valorating the grade of satisfaction.PATIENTS AND METHODS: On a selected sample, a randomizedblinded study was performed analizing the degree of satisfactionof the patient by an analogic visual scale and the diagnosticvalidity of home polygraphy versus standard polysomnographycomparing the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) obtained from bothtests.RESULTS: Thirty four patients are studied (25 men and 8women), middle age (±SD) of 53,4± 11 years old and a body massindex of 33± 5 kg/m2.For an AHI ≥10 obtained after polysomnography, polygraphyrepresents a sensitivity of 90,3%, especificity of 50%, a positivepredictive value of 96,5% and a negative predictive value of 25%,finding an area under the ROC curve of 0,863. In a severe SAS(AHI≥30) polygraphy obtains a sensitivity of 88,2% (72,9-100) anda especificity of 100% with an area under the ROC curve of 1.AHI obtained after polygraphy compared with polysomnography(33,70±22,38 and 36,36±22,09 respectively) shows a highcorrelation with a value of r:0,975 (p<0,0001) and a high concordancewith a coefficient of correlation intraclass of 0,968. Scoreafter polysomnography was 7,5 and 9 after polygraphy, whenexpressing the patients satisfaction grade (p<0,0001).CONCLUSIONS: On a selected sample, home polygraphyshows a high correlation and concordance with polysomnography,being a valid technique for the diagnoses with a higher patientsatisfaction grade


Assuntos
Humanos , Polissonografia/métodos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Polissonografia/instrumentação , Assistência Domiciliar
7.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 41(6): 322-7, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15989889

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe our experience with interventional bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway stenosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed patient records and bronchoscopic findings. Clinical data, findings from computed tomography, techniques performed, complications, and results were recorded. RESULTS: One-hundred and thirty-six patients (90 males and 46 females) were treated. The mean (SD) age was 57 (7) years (range, 3-81). A total of 320 therapeutic interventions were performed: 145 laser treatments, 33 balloon or mechanical dilatations, 26 electrocauterizations, and 116 stent insertions. Pathogenesis varied: in 64 (47%) patients, the stenosis was caused by a tumor (48 were bronchopulmonary and 16 nonpulmonary); in 72 (53%) patients, stenosis was secondary to a nontumor-related process, of which the most common was prolonged intubation (42% of these cases). Central airway patency was achieved in 92% (59/64) of the tumor-related stenoses and 96% (69/72) of those unrelated to tumors. Improvement in dyspnea was observed in 96% of all patients. Two deaths (due to hemoptysis and to acute myocardial infarction) occurred in the first week, for a 1.4% mortality rate. The most common complications were stent migration (8%; 9/116 cases) and the formation of granulomas (9%; 11/116). CONCLUSIONS: Interventional bronchoscopy is an effective technique to resolve life-threatening obstructions of the central airways. Dyspnea improves immediately and there is no significant morbidity or mortality.


Assuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/cirurgia , Broncoscopia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/terapia , Broncopatias/etiologia , Neoplasias Brônquicas/complicações , Neoplasias Brônquicas/cirurgia , Broncoscópios , Broncoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Cateterismo/métodos , Cateterismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dispneia/etiologia , Dispneia/cirurgia , Eletrocoagulação/métodos , Eletrocoagulação/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Migração de Corpo Estranho/etiologia , Granuloma/etiologia , Hemoptise/mortalidade , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/epidemiologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/efeitos adversos , Terapia a Laser/métodos , Terapia a Laser/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Stents , Neoplasias da Traqueia/complicações , Neoplasias da Traqueia/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Prega Vocal/lesões
8.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(6): 322-327, jun. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039659

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia en estenosis de la vía aérea principal (VAP) tratadas mediante broncoscopia intervencionista. Pacientes y métodos: Se han revisado las historias clínicas e informes de broncoscopia y se han registrado los datos clínicos, informe de tomografía axial computarizada, técnicas realizadas, complicaciones y resultados. Resultados: Se trató a 136 pacientes (90 varones y 46 mujeres), con una edad media ± desviación estándar de 57 ± 7 años (rango: 3-81), en quienes se realizaron 320 procedimientos terapéuticos, que incluyeron 145 tratamientos con láser, 33 dilataciones con balón o mecánicas, 26 tratamientos mediante electrocauterio y la colocación de 116 prótesis. La etiología de la estenosis fue diversa: hubo 64 (47%) de causa tumoral (48 de origen broncopulmonar y 16 tumores extrapulmonares), mientras que en 72 pacientes (53%) la estenosis fue secundaria a una enfermedad no tumoral; de éstas, la causada por intubación prolongada fue la más frecuente (el 42% de los casos). La permeabilidad de la VAP se logró en el 92%(59/64) de las estenosis de etiología tumoral y en el 96% de las no tumorales (69/72), y se observó mejoría de la disnea en el 96% de todos los pacientes. En la primera semana hubo 2 fallecimientos (por hemoptisis e infarto agudo de miocardio), lo que representa una mortalidad del 1,4%. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la migración de prótesis en un 8% (9/116) y en un 9% la formación de granulomas (11/116). Conclusiones: La broncoscopia intervencionista es una técnica eficaz para resolver las situaciones de riesgo vital de la VAP, con mejoría inmediata de la disnea y sin morbimortalidad significativa


Objective: To describe our experience with interventional bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway stenosis. Patients and Methods: We reviewed patient records and bronchoscopic findings. Clinical data, findings from computed tomography, techniques performed, complications, and results were recorded. Results: One-hundred and thirty-six patients (90 males and 46 females) were treated. The mean (SD) age was 57 (7) years (range, 3-81). A total of 320 therapeutic interventions were performed: 145 laser treatments, 33 balloon or mechanical dilatations, 26 electrocauterizations, and 116 stent insertions. Pathogenesis varied: in 64 (47%) patients, the stenosis was caused by a tumor (48 were bronchopulmonary and 16 nonpulmonary); in 72 (53%) patients, stenosis was secondary to a nontumor-related process, of which the most common was prolonged intubation (42% of these cases). Central airway patency was achieved in 92% (59/64) of the tumor-related stenoses and 96% (69/72) of those unrelated to tumors. Improvement in dyspnea was observed in 96% of all patients. Two deaths (due to hemoptysis and to acute myocardial infarction) occurred in the first week, for a 1.4% mortality rate. The most common complications were stent migration (8%; 9/116 cases) and the formation of granulomas (9%; 11/116). Conclusions: Interventional bronchoscopy is an effective technique to resolve life-threatening obstructions of the central airways. Dyspnea improves immediately and there is no significant morbidity or mortality


Assuntos
Humanos , Estenose Traqueal/etiologia , Estenose Traqueal/terapia , Broncoscopia , Broncopatias/terapia
9.
An Med Interna ; 21(2): 56-61, 2004 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14974889

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LTOT) in our setting and the utility of pulse oxymetry for follow-up control. PATIENTS AND METHOD: 140 patients were studied. The data on the indication for LTOT and the degree of therapeutic compliance were obtained by means of a clinical interview; spirometry, full blood count, arterial blood gas measurement, and pulse oxymetry were also carried out. RESULTS: 12 (8.6%) patients who fulfilled criteria for provisional oxygen therapy were excluded and 22 (15.7%) due to recent exacerbations. Of the remaining 106 individuals, 67 (63%) were men and 39 (37%) women, and the mean age was 73 +/- 12 years. 54% (57/106) of the patients used the oxygen therapy for at least 15 hours/day. Only 36 (34%) patients fulfilled the indication criteria for LTOT and only 24 (23%) both fulfilled the indication criteria and demonstrated appropriate administration of the LTOT. The oxygen saturation measured by pulse oxymetry (SpO2) showed a good correlation with the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) obtained by arterial blood gas measurement (r=0.857 and K=0.937). CONCLUSIONS: In our setting, the follow-up control of LTOT and therapeutic compliance were not optimal. The SpO2 shows a good correlation with the PaO2 and represents a good alternative for the follow-up control of LTOT.


Assuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Oximetria , Oxigenoterapia/métodos , Oxigênio/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/terapia , Humanos , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/terapia , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oxigênio/sangue , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 21(2): 56-61, feb. 2004.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-31115

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar la oxigenoterapia continua domiciliaria (OCD) en nuestro medio y la rentabilidad de la pulsioximetría en su control. Pacientes y método: Se estudian 140 pacientes. Los datos sobre indicación y grado de cumplimentación de la OCD quedan registrados mediante entrevista clínica, además se les realiza espirometría, hematimetría, gasometría arterial y pulsioximetría. Resultados: Fueron excluidos 12 pacientes (8,6%) que cumplían criterios de oxigenoterapia provisional y 22 (15,7%) que presentaban agudización. De los 106 individuos restantes, 67 eran hombres (63%) y 39 mujeres (37%), edad media de 73 ± 12 años. El 54% de los enfermos (57/106) mantenían la oxigenoterapia al menos 15 horas/ día, sólo 36 pacientes (34%) cumplían criterios de indicación de OCD y únicamente 24 (23%) presentaban criterios de indicación y adecuada administración de la OCD. La saturación de oxígeno determinada por pulsioximetría (SpO2) mostró una buena correlación con la presión arterial de oxígeno (PaO2) obtenida por gasometría arterial (r = 0,857 y K= 0,937). Conclusiones: En nuestro medio, el control y cumplimiento de la OCD no es óptimo. La SpO2 muestra una buena correlación con la PaO2 y representa una buena alternativa para el control de la OCD (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Oximetria , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Resultado do Tratamento , Insuficiência Respiratória , Oxigenoterapia , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Seguimentos , Estudos Transversais , Oxigênio , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais
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